Next let’s look at urology.

Urology is described as “the medical specialty that deals with the urinary system of both sexes, and the male reproductive organs.”[10] Urologists use bladder catheters, cystoscopes and various diagnostic imaging techniques in order to view the bladder and other components of the urinary system.

They treat prostatic disorders, perform vasectomies, and may surgically remove stones in the urinary tract. They also treat cancers of the kidneys, bladder, and testicles. Urology deals mostly with male patients as the urinary tract in females may be treated by gynecologists.

Urology supplies include intermittent, foley and external catheters, closed drainage systems, catheter kits and trays, drainage bags and urological accessories.

Statistics

The urinary system consists of several organs including the kidneys and bladder. As a discipline that involves the study of many organs and physiological systems, urology can be broken down into three subfields.

1.  Neurourology

Neurological diseases and disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injury can disrupt the lower urinary tract and result in conditions such as urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, urinary retention, and others.

Less marked neurological abnormalities can cause urological disorders as well -- for example, abnormalities of the sensory nervous system are thought by many researchers to play a role in disorders of painful or frequent urination.[11]

Urodynamic studies play an important diagnostic role in neurourology; urologists often use diagnostic techniques such as flow cystometry or ambulatory urodynamic profiles to determine the best method of treatment for the patient. Medical therapy for nervous system disorders includes drugs that target the nervous system and neuromodulation.

2.2. Pediatric urology, which includes several disorders specific to children.

These include enuresis (en-u-RE-sis), hypospadias (hypo-spa-dias), vesicoureteral (ves-i-co-ure-ter-al) reflux, and hydronephrosis (hydro-ne-phrosis).

3.3. Urologic oncology concerns malignant genitourinary diseases such as prostate cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer and penile cancer.

Other smaller subfields of urology include stone disease, sexual dysfunction, trauma and reconstruction, and male infertility.