Instructions
Take Another Course
|
Treatment Options: Medications
Medications may be used in conjunction with dietary modification and physical activity if it is needed to maintain blood glucose control. Each type of medication works somewhat differently and may be used alone or in combination with medications that work on different segments of blood glucose modulation.(16) Shown here are examples of oral medications in the sulfonylurea class, medium to long-acting medications. These medications help the beta cells in the pancreas to release more insulin to modulate blood sugar control. In addition to this action, these medications may also assist through sensitizing the pancreas beta cells to glucose levels, modulate liver production of glucose, reduce breakdown of fatty acids in fat tissues, and reduce the clearance of insulin from the blood. Side effects may include hypoglycemia and weight gain. Upset stomach, headache, and allergic reactions have been reported. These medications are not used in pregnancy or in patients who may become pregnant.
This slide shows examples of
meglitinides or glinides.
These medications act
similarly to sulfonylureas,
but bind at a different
site. Side effects may
include weight gain and
hypoglycemia.
Generic Name
Brand
Name
Rosiglitazone
Avandia
Pioglitazone
Actos
Shown here are examples of insulin sensitizers in the TZD class. This class of medication helps to decrease insulin resistance and improve blood lipid profiles. Rosiglitazone is under selling restrictions in the U.S. because of the potential for increased cardiovascular problems. The main problem has been edema in about 5% of patients. These medications are used with caution in patients with decreased ventricular function.
|
