type-2 diabetes

Blood Pressure Target

Blood pressure targets in people with type-2 diabetes are more stringent than those for the general population due to the high risk of cardiovascular disease associated with diabetes. An exercise program should be implemented, and diet modifications may be necessary.

Target< 130/80

--Regular Exercise

--Limit salt

--Reduce daily stress

--Moderate weight loss

--Limit alcohol

Source: Diabetes Care Vol 34 Suppl 1: American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Recommendations, 2011

This slide shows cholesterol targets for the diabetic patient. These goals should be maintained for the life of the patient.

•Total Cholesterol…..under 180

•LDL Cholesterol…….under 100

•HDL cholesterol.....over 50

•Triglycerides……….under 150

Source: Diabetes Care Vol 34 Suppl 1: American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Recommendations, 2011

The Balancing Act of Blood Glucose Management

Some of those other factors (besides food and carbohydrates) can increase the level of glucose in the blood. Illness and stress cause hormones and other chemicals to be produced which can lead to temporary insulin resistance and elevated blood sugars. Many counter-regulatory hormones stimulate the liver to secrete extra glucose into the bloodstream.

On the other side of the scale are the agents that make blood sugar levels go down: physical activity, insulin, and other diabetes medications. The key to successful blood sugar management is finding a balance between all these factors and maintaining blood sugars as close to the normal range as possible – without going too high or too low.

Now let's take a look at diabetes medications...