And because we are discussing people with dementia, relying on very simple methods of improving bathroom visibility may include strategies like that pictured here: labelling the bathroom door with a clear photo or drawing of a toilet, or words still familiar to the patient can be used.

Also, leaving the bathroom door open with a light on may help the patient to more easily recognize its location. Another, more permanent idea that seems to work is painting the bathroom door with a bright, contrasting color to draw attention to it.

Obstacles and clutter should be removed from common paths to allow quicker movement to the toilet, also reducing the risk for injury due to falls. In addition, the pathway to the bathroom can be evaluated to reduce distractions that may delay reaching the toilet in time.

Adding features that improve the safety of the bathroom can help to reduce patient fears and uncertainties. Remove clutter and distractions in the bathroom, especially things that could be mistaken for a toilet, such as a wastebasket. Add a nightlight and assure that the floors are clear of any hazards, such as area rugs.

Modifications and installation of special equipment can reduce dangerous and stressful conditions. These modifications may include installing grab bars by the toilet and/or seat risers to make sure that the toilet is at a good height for more stability when sitting. Each of these modifications can help to build patient confidence in toileting.

Visibility of the toilet can be improved by using colored bowl cleaner and/or a toilet seat that lights up the bowl to improve aim when sitting. Men may prefer to sit while urinating to reduce the mess that can be cause by standing and aiming.

Loose and comfortable clothing, like pants with elastic waistbands and Velcro or snaps might be easier for a patient to use. To help with the timing of toileting, clothing should be removed only when the patient is near the toilet.

In some cases, it may be worth introducing incontinence briefs to replace underwear. While some patients may be resistant to their use, new advances have been made in these disposable products that improve comfort and absorbency while making them look more like regular underwear.

Whether the incontinence garment strategy includes pads, adult underwear, or liners, it will be important to assure that skin areas exposed to moisture are washed with a pH-balanced perineal cleanser and fully dried between changes. Creams and powders may be used to protect the skin.

Communication