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Instructions
 Take Another Course
Post-Test
Glossary
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Table 2. Intravenous Antibiotics Used to Treat SSTIs
|
Class |
Subclasses |
Examples |
Comments |
|
Penicillin |
Natural
Penicillinase-Resistant
Aminopenicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
Penicillin-G
Nafcillin, Oxacillin
Ampicillin
Mezlocillin, Piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam
ticarcillin |
Penicillins share cross-allergenicity; some are
available in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics allowing for
broader spectrum and less likely resistance |
|
Cephalo-sporin |
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation |
Cefazolin
Cefoxtin, Cefuroxime
Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone |
Partial cross-allergenicity with penicillins |
|
Fluoro-quinolone |
|
Ciprofloxacin, Gatifloxaxin, Levofloxacin |
Potential for hypoglycemia in diabetics when
administered with insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs (levofloxacin,
ofloxacin, gatifloxacin) |
|
Vanco-mycin |
|
Vancomycin |
Commonly used in cases of MRSA; due to the
emergence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus it is recommended to
limit use to clear indications |
|
Amino-glycoside |
|
Amikacin, Gentimicin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin |
Use in long-term therapy is not recommended due to
potential nephrotoxicity |
|
Carba-penem |
|
Imipenem-Cilastatin, Ertapenem |
|
|
Oxalo-dinones |
|
Linezolid |
Used in vancomycin-resistant infections or MRSA |
|
Metro-nidazole |
|
Metronidazole |
|
Drug choice will drive the
acquisition, storage, compounding, dispensing, and monitoring for adherence and
potentially adverse events. Storage and delivery considerations are especially
important in the homecare setting. For instance, vancomycin is relatively stable
at a wide range of temperatures (63 days at 5 degrees centigrade or 7 days at 25
degrees centigrade) while tobramycin is stable for a shorter period of time (4
days at 5 degrees centigrade or 2 days at 25 degrees centigrade).
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