Methods for Counting Carbohydrates

You can count carbs in any number of ways. “Exchange Lists” group foods according to general nutrient content; lists can be obtained for free from the American Diabetes Association. 

When reading labels, focus on the portion size and grams of TOTAL CARBOHYDATE.  Sugar and starch (simple and complex carbs) are both included in the total carbohydrate.

Several books are available that provide carb listings for both labeled and unlabeled foods, such as fruits, vegetables, baked goods and restaurant choices.

Portion estimation involves comparing a food item to a standard object such as a fist, a tennis ball or a soda can. Based on the portion size and the food type, grams of carb can be estimated fairly accurately.

Carb factors represent the percentage of a food’s weight that is carbohydrate. By weighing a food item and then multiplying by its carb factor, a very precise carb count can be obtained.

And working with a registered dietitian is a good way to master carb counting skills.

 

Weight Gain and Carbohydrate Counting

While no foods are “off limits”, those taking mealtime insulin can simply match carb intake with the proper food dose, it’s important to note that those who feel liberated regarding food options may gain weight when counting only carbohydrates! Attention must be paid to the overall calorie intake – meaning that the fat (and protein) content of foods must be considered, and portion sizes should be held in check.

 

A Quick Quiz Question

This is true. Any form of insulin (including basal/long-acting insulin) can produce hypoglycemia if meals are skipped or heavy exercise takes place. Sulfonylureas and meglitinides can also cause over-secretion of insulin and hypoglycemia.